Posts Tagged war on drugs

Shift Work Sleep Disorder

The conditions that we, as a society, choose to medicalize, and the ones that we do not, reflect our collective values. Case in point: Shift Work Sleep Disorder. Also known as “being tired because your job hours are not consistent with your Circadian rhythm.”

This is significant because Provigil is approved by the FDA for treatment of SWSD, validating SWSD as a real, treatable, medical condition. What about, “Rave-Dancing Sleep Disorder,” which is the condition where you are too tired to dance to trance music until four in the morning? That condition doesn’t exist, of course.

This raises two questions: first, why is it that we need to medicalize something as simple as, “being tired because you work until five in the morning,” and second, why is it that we choose to medicalize THAT, but not other activities that also keep people up until early hours? Which adds more value to the world as a whole: working a factory job or dancing ecstatically at a rave?

I blame the Puritans.

And of course, more fundamentally, why is it that the state gets to decide which activities are worth taking medication to stay up for, instead of the individual?

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Amphetamines For Children

Consistent Kevin 1

So, apparently it’s okay for children to take amphetamines in order to help them get through their homework. What the hell? I mean, I’m not a doctor, so I’m not qualified to say whether it’s safe to give amphetamines to children, but given how SUPER SCARY BAD BAD BAD amphetamines are supposed to be, I’m surprised they’re okay for kids to take.

See? This is what propaganda says that amphetamines do to perfectly healthy adults! I can only imagine what little Kevin is going to look like in 2.5 years.

“Oh, but that’s meth, and Kevin is getting Vyvanse! Vyvanse is a prescription drug, not a dirty dirty street drug.” Riiiight. Would you rather I called it Desoxyn, which is what they call meth when a doctor prescribes it?

Look, bottom line is that I don’t care what people put into their bodies, and I do realize that not all amphetamines are the same, and that taking a drug under a doctor’s supervision is different from self-medicating. All that being said, the idea that we’re simultaneously putting out the message that meth is the worst thing since sliced anthrax, while prescription amphetamines are TOTALLY FINE TO GIVE TO CHILDREN seems kind of hypocritical. Especially given that meth used to be a prescription amphetamine (technically still is, but nobody really prescribes it anymore).

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Haupt-rc distributes lethal 2C-B-FLY

2C-B-FLY (Wikipedia Entry) is a psychoactive chemical in the phenylethlyamine family, which also contains MDMA. Just this morning, news broke that a bad batch of something purporting to be 2C-B-FLY has hit the streets and is killing or hospitalizing people with frightening consistency. I say, “something purporting to be,” because people are being made sick with doses as low as 1-4 mg and being hospitalized with doses around 8-12 mg. A dealer who is reported to have taken an 18 mg dose died. It’s very unlikely that 2C-B-FLY would be active at all at 1-4 mg doses, so the powder in question is likely to be tainted, or something else entirely.

When things like this happen, law enforcement and the government usually jump to the message of how dangerous drugs are. I then respond that illegal drugs are made infinitely more dangerous by prohibition, which removes accountability between producers and consumers, and which forces producers to use less-than-ideal techniques to make the drugs. But this case is different. The “dealer” in this case was Haupt-rc, a legally-operating chemical supply company. These companies supply all sorts of chemicals, including illegal drugs, to research companies and others who are legally allowed to purchase them. The actual manufacturer of the chemical is reported to be a Chinese company. Below, you can see a 500 mg bag of the chemical in question, reported to have been purchased from Haupt-rc (click on image for original source, a thread on drugs-forum.com discussing the issue).

Image copyright from drugs-forum.com.

You can see that the label clearly prohibits “food, drug, household, or cosmetic use,” and notes “Dangerous if ingested!” That didn’t stop the owner of Haupt-rc from ingesting an 18 mg dose and subsequently dying, and it clearly didn’t stop some other people from ingesting the chemical either, so the most obvious conclusion we can draw from this experience is that people who are legally selling and buying psychoactive chemicals (for “research” uses) are illegally consuming those chemicals. I know, shocking, right? Hey, don’t tell me if you could legally buy a 500 mg bag of your favorite psychoactive chemical, you wouldn’t skim a few mg off the top for personal use. Oh, no, not YOU, you paragon of lawfulness.

The second, and more interesting conclusion is that here we have a case where the drug was produced in a totally above-board, legal, traceable manner, and people still managed to die from a bad batch. So, even the “professionals” get it wrong some time. But look at the difference between the response to this experience and the mostly-nonexistent response to another common tainted drug, cocaine cut with levamisol. In this case, people know the supplier and can quarantine the bad product, even down to the batch number, which is printed on the bag. Because some of them purchased it legally, they can send the stuff to a lab for analysis without fear of arrest. If this was a street product, all you would hear, if you heard anything, was, “Hey, watch out for 2C-B-FLY, I heard some people got sick after taking it and there might be a bad batch.” Instead, we get a massive, organized, immediate, and above-all, effective response that mitigates harm.

Edit: Analysis of the substance indicates that it was actually bromo-dragonfly, a chemical that is similar to 2C-B-FLY, but is active at much lower doses, hence the deaths at doses that are typical for 2C-B-FLY. The powder was also found to be only 95% pure (labeled as 99% pure, but we all know vendors fudge, right?) with about 5% synthesis impurities, which could have unknown effects. Additionally, the Chinese lab seems not to have been as “up to professional standards” as one might desire. The semi-clandestine nature of the Chinese lab means that prohibition still plays a role here, since there would be more, higher-quality sources for drugs in the absence of prohibition. What we have here is people using semi-legal means to acquire a prohibited chemical, but since the chemical is widely prohibited, there are few producers, and even the semi-legal ones are sketchy.

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DJ AM Toxicology Test Results

Toronto Sun reports:

NEW YORK — DJ AM died accidentally from a lethal cocktail of prescription drugs and cocaine, the medical examiner’s office ruled Tuesday.

The toxicology report showed the 36-year-old had in his system cocaine, OxyContin, Hydrocodone or Vicodin, antianxiety drugs Xanax and Ativan, Klonopin which also controls anger, Benadryl, and Levamisole, a drug apparently used to cut cocaine.

Now, that’s a hell of a lot of drugs to have in your system at one time, I don’t care who you are, but the one that jumped out at me was the levamisole. I remembered reading about it a while back, but couldn’t remember why it was dangerous. From the AP:

The medication called levamisole … can be used in humans to treat colorectal cancer, but it severely weakens the body’s immune system, leaving patients vulnerable to fatal infections.

Scientific studies suggest levamisole might give cocaine a more intense high, possibly by increasing levels of dopamine, the brain’s “feel-good” neurotransmitters.

Interesting. Gives the user a yummy dopamine rush, but also makes them susceptible to fatal infections. According to the article, levamisole is supposedly being cut in before importation, so it’s hard for users, or even dealers, to know whether their stuff has been cut with it.

Now, let’s consider when something like this happens with a legal good. Remember the melamine in baby-food imported from China? What about diethylene glycol in toothpaste? What about good old yummy lead paint? With legal goods, a regulatory or overseeing body detects the tainted product, blocks the importation, and notifies consumers which products should be avoided. The supplier could smuggle the product in, but that would dramatically increase the price, and anyway, everybody knows their stuff is tainted, so nobody would want it. In most cases, the supplier chooses to remove the offending toxin because importing stuff legally is much cheaper and easier than importing stuff illegally.

On the black market, of course, different forces apply. A black-market supply chain is necessarily long, convoluted, and opaque. There’s no way to tell where the stuff you’re getting came from. There’s no way to tell if it’s tainted, and if you do find out that it’s tainted there’s no way to tell whether any other batch is any better. Given how expensive, risky, and difficult-to-acquire prohibition makes drugs, you’re more likely to take your chances even if you do know the stuff is tainted. Given these conditions, producers can hardly be held accountable for cutting their products with toxic chemicals. There is a strong motivation to use adulterants, even if they have medium or long-term health effects.

As usual, The Man takes the wrong message home from this situation:

The tainted cocaine has received only limited attention in the U.S., though federal authorities are monitoring its use, said Paul Knierim, a DEA spokesman in Washington.

“I think the message is the same: Don’t use cocaine, it’s a dangerous drug,” Knierim said.

Well, actually, it sounds to me like levamisole is the dangerous drug. Nobody looked at the Chinese baby food, tooth paste, or lead-painted toys and concluded that baby food, tooth paste, and toys were dangerous. What makes cocaine particularly dangerous is the system of prohibition that encourages producers to taint it and prevents regulatory bodies from quickly detecting the contamination, containing it, and notifying the public.

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Sprite Loves Gay Suicide Bukkake

When I first saw this commercial, I free-associated: “gay; suicide; bukkake”.

Exploding into other people in a burst of flavor? Commercials are depicting the exact drug experiences that prohibition attempts to prevent us from having. No wonder we’re getting mixed messages.

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